Rhumatology is a medical field which deals with the rheumatic or osteoarticular affections (i.e. which touch bones and articulations) and their possible consequences, for example a degradation of the cartilage (osteoarthritis) or severe inflammatory problems (spondylarthritis or rhumatoid polyarthritis). In rhumatology, the rhumatoid polyarthritis is the most frequent chronic inflammatory affection rheumatic. It is caused by a disorder of the immune system which starts to attack tissues rather than to protect them (= auto-immune disease). If pain can reach all the articulations, it's located primarily in the hands and the wrists. Untreated, the articular illness can involve a functional, secondary attack with the destruction of the articulations. With the service of rhumatology, we will see, on the one hand, the clinical examinations and investigations which make it possible today to diagnose clearly and precociously an osteoarticular affection; in addition, available treatments to prevent its aggravation.